Lezghian etymology : Query result

Proto-Lezghian: *cuma

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bride-groom

Tsakhur: cuma

Comment: Isolated in Tsakh., but with probable external parallels.

Proto-Lezghian: [*-cV-]

Meaning: proximity series

Kryz: -wä-c-, c-

Proto-Lezghian: [*-č-]

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: obl. stem of adj. sing. 3d cl.

Tsakhur: -č-

Proto-Lezghian: *čaIpVl-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: left

Lezghian: čapla

Agul: čaIplan-f

Comment: Cf. also Ag. Burk. čaIpul, Tp. čip:il (not quite clear are the laryngeal features in Lezg. Khl. č:abla).

Proto-Lezghian: *čal /*ʔar-čal (~l:)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 fence 2 enclosure for milking sheep

Tabasaran: arčil 1

Rutul: čal 2 (Ikhr.)

Udi: čal 1

Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. arčal 'fence'. The Tab. form contains a prefixed *ʔVr- (the meaning of which is not clear).

Proto-Lezghian: *čawχ:-un

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 snow-storm 2 short rain 3 cold, ice

Kryz: čewχun 1

Archi: čubχ:un 2

Udi: čaχ 3

Comment: 3d class in Arch. and Kryz. Archi has č- ( < *č:-) as a result of assimilation in tenseness.

Proto-Lezghian: *čaχ:Iɨ- / *č:aχ:Iɨ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to wash 2 to smear, rub into 3 to flow, pour

Lezghian: čüχü- 1

Tabasaran: k-čaχI- 2

Tsakhur: gi-ža=χIa- 1

Archi: čaχI (bos) 3

Comment: Cf. also Lezg. pret. čüχʷe-na, Tab. Kand. al-ǯaχI- 'to rub, smear', Arch. čaχ:Iar- 'to be very wet'. The Tsakhur verb means precisely 'to wash before a prayer'. An expressive verb with a variation *č- / *č:-.

Proto-Lezghian: *čimV- ?

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: warm

Lezghian: čimi

Comment: An isolated Lezgian root with obscure etymology.

Proto-Lezghian: *čin

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: sickle

Tsakhur: čin (Mishl.)

Kryz: čin

Budukh: čin

Comment: 3d class in all languages. Obl. base *činɨ- (cf. Tsakh. činɨ-).

Proto-Lezghian: *čir ?

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: know(ledge)

Lezghian: čir

Comment: An isolated Lezgian word with no obvious parallels.

Proto-Lezghian: *čirč-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 lizard 2 worm

Lezghian: čurčul 1

Tabasaran: čurčul 1

Kryz: čič 2

Budukh: čič 2

Comment: Tab. and Lezg. have a frequent -Vl-suffix.

Proto-Lezghian: *čirV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 green 2 blond, red-haired

Tabasaran: čru 1

Agul: čire-f 2

Comment: The original meaning was probably 'light, light-coloured'; the meaning 'green' has developed in Tab. and some Ag. dialects.

Proto-Lezghian: *čirχʷä-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to slide, slip

Tabasaran: ul-č̌u=χ-

Agul: k:e=č̣erχʷ-

Rutul: c̣u=χʷe-

Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb., Kand. č̌u=χ-, Ag. Bursh. č̣arχʷa-. An expressive verb with some violations of phonetic correspondences.

Proto-Lezghian: *čiχʷ(a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: diarrhea

Tabasaran: čiχ (Kand.)

Comment: Cf. Tab. Düb. čuχ id. Attested only in Tab., but having probable parallels in Lak. and Darg.

Proto-Lezghian: *čɨImraƛ̣: / ( -ƛ̣)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: whip

Rutul: čumk

Tsakhur: čuImḱ

Kryz: šimäq̇

Budukh: išmeq̇

Comment: Cf. also Kryz. Al. šimraq̇ id. (preserving the archaic -r-, lost elsewhere). 3d class in all languages. The root reveals a variation between *-ƛ̣: ( > Rut., Tsakh. -k) and *-ƛ̣ ( > Kryz., Bud. -q̇).

Proto-Lezghian: *čɨraƛ̣:ʷ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 cub, young 2 young of birds,chicken 3 bird

Lezghian: šarag 1

Tabasaran: čirk:ʷ 1

Agul: čark:ʷ 2

Rutul: šuruk 3

Kryz: šuruk 2

Udi: c:irik: 2

Comment: A disyllabic expressive stem with some irregularities (noticeably in Ud.). In rutul there exists also šarak 'chicken' which may be either a contamination with some other root (cf., e.g. PL *šarḳ 'young donkey') or influenced by the Lezg. form šarAg. Ruite enigmatic is the Ag. form šinik:ʷ 'child, boy'.

Proto-Lezghian: *čɨṭrV(q̇)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: mint

Lezghian: č̣üdrü

Rutul: šɨdɨq̇

Kryz: č̣erṭeʕ

Budukh: č̣urṭaʡ

Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. č̣üdri. In Auslaut there's an unclear correlation Lezg. -0 : Rut. -q̇ : Kryz. -ʕ : Bud. -ʡ. The original *č- is reflected in Rut. as š-, in other languages it was assimilated by the following *ṭ and became č̣ (note that in Lezg. and Rut. *-ṭ- itself was dissimilated > *-t:- > -d-). This is a rather usual situation in roots containing two stops. 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages.

See Хайдаков 1973, 63.

Proto-Lezghian: [*-č:-]

Meaning: obl. stem plural

Archi: -(r)če-

Proto-Lezghian: *č:ač:(a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: trough for grain winnowing

Archi: čač:i

Comment: Attested only in Archi, but having probable Nakh parallels.

Proto-Lezghian: *č:ak:ʷarV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: white

Agul: žagʷar-f

Rutul: ǯagʷar-dɨ

Tsakhur: ǯagʷara-n